Nigeria’s prison system is facing significant challenges, with over 3,590 inmates currently on death row, according to the latest figures released by the Nigeria Correctional Service (NCoS). The NCoS Public Relations Officer, Assistant Controller of Corrections Abubakar Umar, provided these details in a recent interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Abuja.
As of September 3, 2024, Nigeria’s custodial centers hold a total of 84,741 inmates, comprising 82,821 males and 1,920 females. Out of this population, a staggering 57,750 are Awaiting Trial Inmates (ATIs), representing a major challenge for the country’s judicial and correctional systems. The majority of those awaiting trial are male (56,303), with 1,447 females also in this category.
The situation in Nigeria’s prisons is further complicated by the large number of inmates on death row, which includes 3,517 males and 73 females. Additionally, there are 21,900 convicted inmates, with 1,501 serving life sentences.
Umar highlighted the significant issue posed by the high number of Awaiting Trial Inmates, which has placed immense pressure on the country’s correctional facilities. The overcrowded conditions not only strain resources but also complicate the management and security of these centers.
In response to these challenges, the NCoS has been proactive in implementing measures aimed at reducing congestion. Thanks to the efforts led by the Minister of Interior, Dr. Olubunmi Tunji-Ojo, over 4,000 inmates have been released through the payment of fines or compensation. Additionally, the NCoS has been working on constructing new facilities, expanding community sentencing options, and improving court logistics to expedite the judicial process for ATIs.
Beyond addressing overcrowding, the NCoS has also made significant strides in the reformation and rehabilitation of inmates. One of the most notable initiatives is the partnership with the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), which has provided educational opportunities for inmates. As of August 31, 2024, 1,282 inmates are enrolled in various academic programs through NOUN’s special study centers within the custodial facilities.
The educational programs range from Bachelor of Science degrees, with 1,215 inmates enrolled, to advanced degrees, including 62 studying for Postgraduate Diplomas and Master’s degrees, and five inmates pursuing Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees.
These educational opportunities are a key part of the NCoS’s broader strategy to rehabilitate inmates and prepare them for successful reintegration into society upon their release. By offering education and skill development, the NCoS aims to reduce recidivism and promote positive societal contributions from former inmates.
In light of recent security challenges, the NCoS has also taken steps to reinforce the security of custodial facilities. Umar noted that the service has maintained a stable and secure environment, with no incidents of internal insurrection, thanks to enhanced security measures and strong partnerships with other agencies.
These partnerships have been instrumental in improving the overall conditions within custodial centers, ensuring the safety of both inmates and staff, and addressing external threats that could compromise the integrity of these facilities.
The situation within Nigeria’s custodial centers reflects broader challenges within the country’s justice system. While the high number of inmates on death row and the overwhelming population of Awaiting Trial Inmates pose significant issues, the efforts by the NCoS to address these challenges through decongestion initiatives, educational programs, and enhanced security measures offer a path forward. As these measures continue to take effect, there is hope for a more efficient and humane correctional system in Nigeria.